When it comes to big-bore rifle cartridges, the 450 Bushmaster vs 45-70 debate gets hunters and shooters fired up. Both cartridges pack a serious punch and are favorites for taking down big game like deer, bear, and hogs. But which one is right for you? In this article , we’ll break down everything you need to know about these two powerhouses, from their history and ballistics to real-world hunting applications. Let’s dive into the 450 Bushmaster vs 45-70 showdown and find out which cartridge comes out on top!
What is the 450 Bushmaster vs 45-70 Debate About?
The comparison between 450 Bushmaster vs 45-70 often arises because both cartridges are designed for similar purposes: delivering massive stopping power at short to medium ranges. Whether you’re hunting whitetail in thick brush or pursuing dangerous game, these rounds get the job done. However, their differences in design, performance, and firearm platforms make choosing between them a bit tricky.
The 450 Bushmaster is a modern cartridge, developed in the early 2000s to bring big-bore power to the AR-15 platform. On the other hand, the 45 key advantages in states with straight-walled cartridge laws and for shooters who prefer semi-automatic rifles.
The 45-70 Government: A Legendary Classic
Introduced in 1873 for the U.S. Army’s Springfield Model 1873 “Trapdoor” rifle, the 45-70 Government is one of the oldest cartridges still in widespread use. Originally designed for military purposes, it quickly became a favorite among hunters for its ability to take down large game like buffalo. The 45-70’s long history gives it a nostalgic edge, especially for those who love traditional lever-action rifles like the Marlin 1895.
Ballistic Performance: 450 Bushmaster vs 45-70
To get to the heart of the 450 Bushmaster vs 45-70 comparison, let’s dive into the ballistics. Here’s how these cartridges stack up in terms of velocity, energy, and trajectory.
450 Bushmaster Ballistics
The 450 Bushmaster typically fires a .452-inch diameter bullet weighing 250 to 300 grains. A popular load, like the Hornady Black 250-grain FTX, delivers:
Muzzle Velocity: ~2,200 feet per second (fps)
Muzzle Energy: ~2,700 foot-pounds (ft-lbs)
Effective Range: ~200-250 yards
The 450 Bushmaster’s flat trajectory out to 200 yards makes it a great choice for brush hunting. Its moderate recoil and compatibility with semi-automatic rifles give it an edge for shooters who value quick follow-up shots.
45-70 Government Ballistics
The 45-70 fires a larger .458-inch diameter bullet, typically ranging from 300 to 500 grains. A common load, like the Federal Power-Shok 300-grain JSP, offers:
Muzzle Velocity: ~1,850 fps
Muzzle Energy: ~2,300 ft-lbs
Effective Range: ~150-200 yards (modern loads can extend to 300+ yards)
The 45-70’s heavier bullets deliver devastating energy at close range, but its trajectory is more arched, which can affect accuracy at longer distances. The 450 Bushmaster vs 45-70 ballistics comparison shows the Bushmaster’s advantage in velocity and flatter trajectory, while the 45-70 excels in raw stopping power.
Ballistics Comparison Table
Cartridge | Bullet Weight | Muzzle Velocity | Muzzle Energy | Effective Range |
450 Bushmaster | 250 grains | 2,200 fps | 2,700 ft-lbs | 200-250 yards |
45-70 Government | 300 grains | 1,850 fps | 2,300 ft-lbs | 150-200 yards |
Firearm Platforms: 450 Bushmaster vs 45-70
The type of firearm each cartridge is designed for is a key factor in the 450 Bushmaster vs 45-70 debate. Your choice of platform can significantly impact your shooting experience.
450 Bushmaster Firearms
The 450 Bushmaster shines in the AR-15 platform, offering semi-automatic fire and modularity. Popular rifles include:
Bushmaster 450: A dedicated AR-15 upper designed for the cartridge.
Ruger American Ranch: A bolt-action option for precision hunters.
CMMG Resolute: A high-quality AR-15 for tactical shooters.
The 450 Bushmaster’s compatibility with lightweight, customizable rifles makes it a favorite for modern hunters who value versatility and fast follow-up shots. However, AR-15s can be more complex to maintain compared to traditional rifles.
45-70 Firearms
The 45-70 is synonymous with lever-action rifles, though modern single-shot and bolt-action options exist. Popular models include:
Marlin 1895: A reliable, classic lever-action rifle.
Henry All-Weather: A compact, modern lever-action.
Ruger No. 1: A single-shot rifle for precision hunters.
Lever-action rifles resonate with traditionalists who value simplicity and ruggedness. However, they load more slowly and have limited magazine capacity compared to semi-automatic platforms.
Hunting Applications: 450 Bushmaster vs 45-70
Both cartridges are built for hunting, but they excel in different scenarios. Let’s explore how they perform for various game and terrains.
450 Bushmaster for Hunting
The 450 Bushmaster is a go-to choice in states like Michigan and Ohio, where straight-walled cartridges are required for deer hunting. Its strengths include:
Versatility: Effective for deer, hogs, and black bear within 200 yards.
Low Recoil: Comfortable for younger or recoil-sensitive shooters.
Accuracy: Flat trajectory suits brush and open fields.
The semi-automatic capability of the 450 Bushmaster is a game-changer for fast-moving game or multiple targets, giving it an edge in certain hunting scenarios.
45-70 for Hunting
The 45-70 is a beast for big game, with its heavy bullets making it ideal for:
Large Game: Perfect for elk, moose, and grizzly bears.
Close-Quarters: Unmatched stopping power in heavy cover.
Reloading Flexibility: Wide range of bullet weights for custom loads.
The 450 Bushmaster vs 45-70 comparison for hunting favors the 45-70 for dangerous game or hunters who need maximum stopping power at close range.
Recoil and Shootability: 450 Bushmaster vs 45-70
Recoil plays a big role in shootability, especially for long hunting trips or range sessions. Here’s how the cartridges compare:
450 Bushmaster: Produces moderate recoil, similar to a 20-gauge shotgun. Its semi-automatic action absorbs some of the kick, making it easier to handle for extended shooting.
45-70 Government: Delivers stout recoil, especially with heavy 400-500 grain loads. Lever-action rifles transfer more felt recoil to the shooter, which can be tiring.
For shooters prioritizing comfort, the 450 Bushmaster has an advantage. However, modern recoil pads and proper technique can make the 45-70 more manageable.
Ammunition Cost and Availability
Cost and availability are practical considerations when choosing between these cartridges:
450 Bushmaster: Ammo is less common than mainstream cartridges like .308, with brands like Hornady, Winchester, and Remington offering loads at $1.50-$2.50 per round. Its specialized nature makes it pricier.
45-70 Government: Benefits from its long history, with a wide range of loads from Federal, Buffalo Bore, and Garrett. Prices range from $1.00-$3.00 per round, and ammo is more readily available, especially in rural areas.
The 45-70 has a slight edge in availability and cost, particularly for budget-conscious shooters.
Reloading: 450 Bushmaster vs 45-70
For handloaders, both cartridges offer opportunities for customization:
450 Bushmaster: Uses .452-inch pistol bullets, common in .45 ACP and .454 Casull. Its straight-walled case is easy to reload, though load data is less extensive.
45-70 Government: Fires .458-inch bullets with a wide range of weights and types. Its long history provides abundant load data, making it a favorite for reloaders.
The 45-70 has an advantage for handloaders due to its versatility and extensive reloading resources.
Which Cartridge Wins? 450 Bushmaster vs 45-70
So, who takes the crown in the 450 Bushmaster vs 45-70 debate? It depends on your needs and preferences. Here’s a quick guide to help you decide:
Choose the 450 Bushmaster if:
You prefer a modern, semi-automatic rifle like an AR-15.
You hunt in states with straight-walled cartridge laws.
You value lower recoil and faster follow-up shots.
You’re hunting deer, hogs, or black bear within 200 yards.
Choose the 45-70 Government if:
You love classic lever-action rifles.
You’re hunting large or dangerous game like elk or grizzly.
You want a cartridge with a wide range of bullet weights.
You enjoy reloading and customizing loads.
Both cartridges are outstanding in their own right. The 450 Bushmaster excels for modern hunters who value versatility and ease of use, while the 45-70 is unmatched for raw power and historical charm.
FAQs About 450 Bushmaster and 45-70
Is the 450 Bushmaster more powerful than the 45-70?
The 45-70 generally delivers more energy, especially with heavier bullets, making it better for large game. The 450 Bushmaster has higher velocity and a flatter trajectory, ideal for medium-sized game.
Can the 45-70 be used in an AR-15?
No, the 45-70 is not compatible with the AR-15 platform due to its size and long-action requirements. The 450 Bushmaster was specifically designed for AR-15s.
Which is better for deer hunting?
The 450 Bushmaster is excellent for deer within 200 yards, especially in straight-walled cartridge states. The 45-70 is also effective but better suited for larger game or closer ranges.
Conclusion: 450 Bushmaster vs 45-70 – A Matter of Preference
The 450 Bushmaster vs 45-70 debate isn’t about which cartridge is “better” but which one aligns with your shooting style and hunting goals. The 450 Bushmaster brings modern performance to the AR-15 platform, offering versatility and ease of use. The 45-70 Government delivers time-tested stopping power that’s hard to beat, especially for big game.
Consider your preferred rifle, hunting terrain, and budget before deciding. If possible, try both cartridges to see which feels right. Whether you choose the tactical edge of the 450 Bushmaster or the rugged heritage of the 45-70, one thing’s for sure: your next hunt will be unforgettable!
